Heat-regulating system.



W. S. HADAWAY, JR. HEAT REGULATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED APR. 11.1914.

1,155,482. Patented Oct. 5, 1915.

WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, J'R-. OF NEW ROCHELLE,- NEW YORK.

HEAT-BEGULATING SYSTEM.

T o'all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VILLIAM S. IIADAWAY,Jr., a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of NewRochelle, Vestchester county, and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Heat-Regulating Systems,'of whichthe following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a' part thereof.

My inventio relates to heat regulators andparticularly to systems ofregulation for electrically heated crucibles or melting pots fortype-setting machines.

One object of my invention is to providea simple and reliablfi system ofthe aforesaid character that shal be adapted for automaticallyregulating the heat generated in accordance with the temperature of themolten metal in the body of the melting pot.

Another object is to embody in such a system, means for heating themouth and throat of a crucible as well as imparting heat to the metal inthe well of a crucible, and means for adjusting the electrical input ofthe well or immersion heaters relative to that of the mouth and throatheaters in order to render the device readily adaptable to widelydifferent classes of'work.

Another object is to provide a receptacle having a body, adapted tocontain a large mass of molten material having a large heat capacity,and an outlet or branch adapted to receive periodically or contain asmall mass of molten material. having a relatively small heat capacity,and a-heater for the outlet or branch adapted to maintain the small'massat the temperature of the large mass. I

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be set forthhereinafter, and in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood1 will now proceed to describe the same in the following specification,and then point out the novel features thereof in appended claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a heat iegulating system embodying my invention, a crucible and its heatersbeing indicated in outline. 'Figs.

2 and 3 are simple diagrams illustrating the circuit connectionsestablished between the various heaters with which the crucible isequipped.

-10 is-a crucible or melting pot for a linotype or other type-settingmachine. Within Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 5, 1915.

Application filed April 17, 1914. Serial No. 832,410.

structure and specific mechanical arrange-.

ment of these'heaters form no part of my present invention and may, forexample, be

such as is shown in my copending application Serial No. 827,361 filedMarch 26, 13TH.

The thermometer bulb ll is connected by a tube 18 to a regulator 19which comprises a pair of stationary contacts 20 and 21 and a movablecontact 22 which is adapted to make contact with one or the other of thestationary contacts whenever the temperature of the metal in the body ofthe crucible varies beyond predetermined limits in either direction.This regulator 7202 se, forms no part of my present invention and may,for example, be constructed like that set forth and described in mycopending application Serial No. 827,362 filed March 26, 1914.

23 is a switch which may be opened or closed according to the work beingdone on the type-setting machine as hereinafter more fully explained.

The heaters may be supplied with energy from any suitable source a (notshown) through line conductors 25 and 26. I

27 and 28 are fuses located in the line circuit and 30 is a manuallyoperated line switch. The circuits are governed not only by the switches23 and 30 but also by an electrically operated switch 31 Which-comprisesa pivoted arm 32 carrying movable contact 33 and 34;, a solenoid coil35, and a core 36 operatively connected to the arm 32,,and arranged-tomove the contacts 33 and 34 into engagement with. stationary contacts 37and 38 when the coil 35 is energized. A bridging contact 39 is alsooperativ'ely connected' to the core 36 and is adapted to bridge a pairof stationary contacts 40 when the coil is energized. Another auxiliaryswitch 41 is connected to the arm 32 by a link 42 and is'closed to shortcircuit a portion of a. resistance 43 when the solenoid coil 35 isde'einergized.

now be traced in connection with the description of its operation whichis as follows: It may be assumed that the line switch is open, thesolenoid coil deenergized,

the auxiliary switch 41 closed and the con tacts 33, 3 1 and 39separated respectively from the contacts 37, 38 and &O., Assumingfurther that the metal in the crucible is cold and that the contact 22of the regulator isin engagement with the stationary contact 20; it nowthe line switch v3O is closed energy is supplied from the line conductor25 through fuse 27,'one blade o'fline switch 30, a.con-,

'ductor 50, contacts 20 and 22 of the. regu now established through theheaters depend upon the switch 23 which is intended to be open when thetype-setting machine is operating on newspaper work or the like,wheresmall and light'slugs are produced; Assum 'ing that the switch 23 isclosed, a circuit is established from conductor through the arm 32 ofthesolenoid switch 31, contacts '33 and 37, a conductor 54, coil of thesolenoid and conductor 52 from which point, circuit is completed asbefore. A holding circuit is thus established for the solenoid. which isindependent of the regulator contacts 20 and 22. The/solenoid switchtherefore remains closed until the'regulator contact 22 is moved in theopposite direction after explained.

into engagement with contact 21 as hereinlished from the arm 32 throughcontacts 34: and 38, a conductor 55 through the resistances 11- (11being short circuited when switch 23 is closed) and'12. which areconnected in multiple relation, and conductor 56 which is connectedthrough conductor 5 to the line conductor'26i Another circuit isestablished for conductor50, through' onductor' 57, throatheater 17,conductor- 58, month heater 16, conductor 59, conductor 60, switch 23,conductor 61, and solenoid con tacts 39 and 40, circuit being completedthrough conductor 53 as before. 7

The circuit connections shown in Fig.2

now obtain. If it is now assumed that the temperature of the metal inthe body :of'the crucible is sufiiciently raised sothat movable contact22 of the regulator engages stationary contact 21, solenoid'coil35 isshort circuited, and the contacts 3334.-89 are separated from thestationary contacts 37-39 and 40. The switch 11 is at the same Anothercircuit is estab-v time closed. Under these conditions the circuittraced through the immersion heaters 11 and '12 is interrupted and thecircuit traced through the throat and mouth heaters 16 and 17 isnowcompleted from conductor 59 through conductor 62, the alow'resistancesection 11" of the heater 11, condu tor 56 andconductor 53 to theopposite sic of the line. This circuit is independent of the solenoidswitch and-it is evident from the foregoing that when the temperature ofthe crucible-is below a predetermined value,

the two immersion heaters 11 and 12 are connected across the circuit inmultiple relation .as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 2, while the throatand mouth heaters are con nected in series relation across the circuitso long as the switch 23 is closed.

lVhen the, temperature in the crucible attains a predetermined value,the contacts 21 and 2 move into engagement and the im- .mersion heaters11 and 12 are cutout of circuit, the relatively low resistance section11 ofthe immersion heater 11 beingconnected in serieswith the mouth andthroat heaters as shown in Fig. 3. Thus, the amount of energy suppliedto the mouth and throat heaters is reduced and the energy is practicallycut off from the immersion heaters.

Theconditions .above assumed, cause the system to operate advantageouslyfor light work such as type-setting for newspapers, since the amountofheat generated in the mouth and throat'heaters'is large, except whenthe temperature of the metal in the body of the crucible exceeds apredeterminedv amount.- If this relation is maintained for makingrelatively heavy slugs such as is used for books. the slugs would not beproperly cast because the opening of the crucible would be kept at too:high a temperature by reason of the mass of. hot metal which is carried.over at each stroke. Under these conditions therefore, the switch 23 isleft open and the relatively low resistance section 11 of thein'i'mersionheater- 11 -is permanently connected in series with themouth and throat heaters 16 and 17 irrespective of the regulator 19.Under those conditions the regulator serves merely to introduce andexclude the immersion heaters tact 21 the short circuit for theresistance section being interrupted at the contacts 39 and-4Oirrespective of the position of the switch 23. The arrangement ofcircuits for heavy work, when the regulator occupies an intermediateposition or engages the stationary contact 20. corresponds to that Theadvantages of my regulating system will be readily apparent to thosefamiliar with this art and among others the 'following maybe mentioned.First, the same apparatus is adaptable for use on Widely differentclasses of work; second, the regulation depends on a definite andcontrolling temperature, via, that'of the metal in the body of thecrucible; third, two immersion heaters are provided either of which issuflicientto melt the type metal in the crucible and consequently theapparatus is unlikely to become suiliciently damaged, as for instance,by the failure of both. of the heaters to make it impossible to removethe immersion heaters for repairs Without applying heat from-someexternal source. In other Words, two parallel connected units areprovided to avoid the possibility of their being permanently set in coldmetal.

It is evident that the circuit conne *tions 01. the system may bemodified -\vithiii..- the spirit and scope of-my invention and thatother variations may be effected, and l intend that only suchlimitations be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

y 1. A heat regulating system comprising an immersion heater, an outletheater, and means for connecting a section of the immersion heater inseries with theoutlet heater to relatively reduce the heat generated inthe outlet heater.

2. A heat. regulating system for type' setting machine cruciblescomprising an immersion heater, an outlet heater, and means dependentupon the temperature in the cru cible for connecting a section of theimmersion heater in series With the outlet heater and disconnecting theremainder of the immersion heater from the circuit.

3. A heat regulating system? for typesetting machine cruciblescomprising an out let heater; a heater for the body of the cru ciblehaving a section connected in series with the outlet heater and meansdependent upon the temperature in the crucible for disconnecting theremainder of the body heater from the circuit.

i. A heat regulating system for type setting machine cruciblescomprising an im mersion heater, an outlet heater, a solenoid switch forconnecting and disconnecting the immersion heater to and from thecircuit, dependent upon the temperature in the crucible, and means foreither connecting the outlet heater to the supply circuit or connectingit thereto with a portion of the 1mmersion heater.

5. A heat regulating system for typesetting machine crucibles comprisingimmersion heater, an outlet he r, automatic means for energizing and deie ining the immersion heater, and means the'heat generated in the outlet6. A heat regulating system for typesetting machine crucibles comprisingan im-. mersion heater, an outlet heater, automatic means for energizingand deenergizing the immersion heater in response to variations in thetemperature of the metal Within the crucible, and means for varying theheat generated in the outlet heater.

A heat regulating system for typesetting machine crucibles comprising animmersion heater, an outlet heater, and automatic means dependent uponpredetermined variations of the temperature of the metal relation, andmeans for closing and inter-' rupting the multiple circuit and forconnecting a portion of one of the immersion heaters inthe seriesWhenever the multiple circuit is disconnected.

10. A heat regulating system for typesetting machine cruciblescomprisinga pair" of immersion heaters connected in multiple relation,one of. said heaters comprising a relatively lou resistance section,mouth and throat heaters in series relation and connected in series withsaid low resistance section of the immersion heater, and means for shortcircuiting said low resistance section of the immersion heater.

11. in combination, a receptacle adapted to contain a relatively largemass of hot liquid and a branch adapted to receive hot liquid from thereceptacle, an auxiliary heater for the branch and means dependent uponthe temperature of the relatively large mass in the receptacle forregulating the heat generated in the auxiliary heater.

12. in combination, a receptacle adapted to contain a relatively largemass of hot liquid and a branch adapted to receive hot liquid lirpm thereceptacle, an auxiliary heatertoimaintaining the liquid in the branchat the temperature of the relatively large mass in the receptacle. andmeans for varying the energy transl ated by said auxiliary heater.

1?). in combination. a receptacle adapted to contain a relatively largemass of hot liquid and a branch adapted to receive hot liquid from thereceptacle, an auxiliary heater maintaining the liquid in the branch attemperatureof the relatively large mass in the receptacle, and means forautomatically varying the energy translated charged, an auxiliaryelectric heater for maintaining the molten metal in the outlet at thetemperature of the relatively large mass in the crusible, and means forvarying "the electrical input of said auxiliary electric heater.

16. In combination, a crucible adapted to contain a relatively largemass of molten metal, an outlet .from which said molten metal is adaptedto be periodically discharged, an auxiliary electric heater to:maintaining the molten metal in the outlet at the temperature of therelatively large mass in the crucible, and means for automticallyvarying the energy translated by said heater, dependent upon thetemperature of the molten metal in the crucible.

17. In combination, a crucible adapted to contain a relatively largemass of molten metal, an electric heater for the crucible, an outletadapted to receive molten metal periodically from the crucible, and anauxiliary electric heater for maintaining the molten metal. in theoutlet at the tempera-- ture of the relatively large mass in thecrucible. I

18. In combination, a crucible adapted to contain a relatively largemass of molten metal, an electric heater for the crucible, an outletadapted to receive molten metal periodically from the crucible. anauxiliary electricheater for maintaining the molten metal in the outletat the temperature of the relatively large mass in thecrucible, andmeans dependent upon the temperature of the relatively large mass in thecrucible for regulating the energy translated by said auxiliary heater.

19. In combination, a crucible adapted to contain a relatively largemass of molten metal, an electric heater in the crucible. an outletadapted to receive molten metal peri odically from the crucible. anauxiliary electric heater for maintaining the molten metal in the outletat the temperature of the relatively large mass in the crucible. and aregulator comprising a thermometer tube immersed in the relatively largemass of molten metal in the crucible; and means re sages sponsive to thethermometer tube for vary ing the input of the auxiliary heater.

20. In combination, a crucible adapted to contain a relatively largemass of molten metal an electric heater in the crucible, an outletadapted to receive molten metal periodically from the crucible, anauxiliary electric heater for maintaining the molten metal in the outletat the temperature of the relatively large mass in the crucible, and aregulator comprising a thermometer tube immersed in the relatively largemass of molten metal in the crucible; and means responsive to thethermometer tube for automatically opening and closing the circuit ofthe crucible heater and for varying the input of the auxiliary heater.

21. fr heat regulating system for type set ting machine cruciblescomprising an immersion heater having a relatively low resistancesecQon, an outlet heater and automatic means dependent uponpro-determined variations of the temperature of the metal within thecrucible for opening and closing the circuit of the immersion heaterexcept the low resistance section and means for varying the heatgenerated in the outlet heater.

2?. A heat regulating system for typesetting machine cruciblescomprising immersion heaters having a relatively low re- :istancesection manually controlled means for short circuiting the lowresistance section and automatic means dependent upon he temperature ofthe metal in the body of the crucible for interrupting the short circuitto include the low resistance section of the immersion heaters and fordisconnect ing the remainder of the immersion heaters containingreceptacle ha ing a branch. comprising a heater for the liquid in thebody of the receptacle, a branch heater and means for connecting asection of the body heater in the predetermined relation to the branchheater to relatively reduce the heat generated in the branch heater.

25. A heat regulating system for typesetting machine crucibles.comprising a heater for the body of the well, a heater for the outlet,regulating means dependent upon the te'nnierature of the metal in thebody of the well. and a switch adapted to modify the circuit relationsbetween the two heaters, whereby either both heaters are completelyexcluded from the circuit by said regulating means or one of saidheaters is substantially cut out and the heat generated in the otherreduced.

26. A heat regulating system for typesetting machine crucibles,comprising a heater for the bodyof the well, a heater for ing means or asection of one of said heaters is connected 1n serles relation'to theother and the remainder of the one disconnected from the circuit,

21A heat regulating system for typesetting machine crucibles, comprisinga heater for the body of the well, a heater for the outlet, regulatingmeans dependent upon the temperature of the metal in the body of thewell, a switch adapted to modify the circuit relations between the two.heaters, whereby either both of said heaters are excluded from the.circuifiy saidregulating means or a portion of the heater for the bodyof the well is connected in series relation to the outlet heater.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presenceof twosubscribing Witnesses, this 15th day of April, 1914.

WILLIAM s. HADAWAY, JR.

